How to calculate NPK formulae

         


Growers sometimes ask me how come that potassium nitrate 13-0-46 = 59% and not 100%.
Let’s start with a basic explanation about the NPK nutrients and their percentages (%) in fertilizer formulae.
Fertilizer's formula usually refers to the content of nutrients in their oxide forms (N-P2O5-K2O).
In Scandinavia, Australia and South Africa it is more common to refer to elemental forms (N-P-K).

For example:
The nutritional composition of Multi-K™ Classic is 13-0-46.
This means that the fertilizer contains

  • 13% nitrogen (N)
  • 0 % phosphorus oxide (P2O5) = 0% phosphorus (P)
  • 46% potassium oxide (K2O) = 38.3% potassium (K) 


So how do we sum to 100%?
Here we have to consider the actual form of the nutrients in the fertilizer:
In mineral fertilizers, nitrogen may be present as ammonium, nitrate or amide (urea), phosphorus is present mainly as phosphate, and potassium is present as K+ ion. 
The following table shows the ratios between elements, oxides, and the forms mentioned above.
 

AmmoniumNH4 =N x 1.28 
NitrateNO3 =N x 4.43 
Amide(NH2)2CO=N x 2.14 
PhosphateH2PO4=P x 2.68P2O5 x1.15
PotassiumK =K x1K2O x 0.83

 

Use the conversion calculator to calculate nutrient quantities in their oxide and elemental forms.

 
Now, 13% N as NO3 means that the product contains 13x4.43= 57.6% NO3  
and 46% K2O are 46/1.2= 38.3% K.
These sum up to 57.6+38.3=95.9%
Not 100% yet….
The difference is attributed to

  • Actual analysis which is somewhat higher than 13-0-46
  • Presence of moisture and trace impurities in the product


Note that Multi-K™ GG, Multi-K™ pHast and Multi-K™ Reci contain higher rates of nutrients, and less impurities.