Recomendación de fertilización para el cultivo de zanahorias con fertilizantes Haifa, para lograr una nutrición óptima de las plantas y un rendimiento excelente
Método de crecimiento: campo abierto
Población de plantas: 1,800,000-2,000,000 Semillas/ha.
Rendimiento esperado: 60-80 T/ha.
Nota IMPORTANTE: Se debe evitar la aplicación de fertilizantes de cloruro ya que este elemento reduce severamente el contenido de caroteno de la zanahoria.
Tasas recomendadas de nutrientes (Kg/ha):
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
CaO |
MgO |
---|---|---|---|---|
120 |
100 |
300 |
100 |
50 |
A. Aderezo de base
Aplicar en esta etapa el abono orgánico. (20 T/ha), 20% of N and K2O y toda la cantidad de fosfato.
Nutrientes requeridos (Kg/ha) |
Fertilizantes recomendados (Kg/ha) |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
MgO |
SOP |
SSP* |
AN |
sal de Epsom** |
30 |
75 |
60 |
65 |
110 |
530 |
100 |
500 |
* SSP = Un solo superfosfato (19% P2O5).
** sal de Epsom = MgSO4 (13% MgO).
B. Aderezo lateral
Dias despues |
Demanda de nutrientes (Kg/ha) |
Fertilizante recomendado |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
AN |
||
30 |
45 |
- |
120 |
35 |
310 |
60 |
45 |
- |
120 |
35 |
310 |
total |
90 |
- |
240 |
70 |
620 |
*Multi-KMg = Multi-K enriquecido con Mg (11-0-39 + 4%MgO).
Para obtener más información sobre los beneficios y las aplicaciones de los productos de nitrato de potasio de Haifa, visite Multi-K™ potassium nitrate fertilizers.
Recomendaciones prevalecientes en el Reino Unido.
Método de crecimiento: campo abierto
Tipo de suelo: Limo arenoso.
Cultivares: Royal Sluice PX55392 ; Nairobi.
Rendimiento esperado: 50 MT/ha.
Aderezo de base
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
MgO |
---|---|---|---|
(Kg/Ha) |
|||
150 |
100 |
125 |
50 |
El mejor vestido
1. Multi-KMg 200 kg/ha, 86 días después de la siembra.
2. Spray foliar de boro y manganeso.
Zanahoria bebé - Programa de fertilización de Sudáfrica^
Periodo de crecimiento: 80-120 dias.
Rendimiento: 35 MT/Ha.
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
|
---|---|---|---|
----------------------Kg/Ha------------------------> |
|||
B.D. |
40 |
345 |
120 |
T.D* |
40 |
0 |
120 |
Total |
80 |
150 |
240 |
* 75 Kg/Ha of K2O se fertilizan durante el desarrollo vegetativo, como Multi-K, combinado con A.N.
Adicional 55 Kg/Ha of K2O Se pulverizan como Multi-K durante la fase de aumento de volumen.
^ Granja: Crest International , Bapsfotein.
Source: O. Rottenberg, 1994.
Elementos macro eliminados por 1 ton producto comercializable
(En Zanahoria Bebé)
N |
P2O5 |
K2O |
CaO |
Mg |
S |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
---------------------------------------------------Kg / ton----------------------------------------- |
|||||
3.8 |
1.37 |
6.0 |
1.4 |
1.66 |
1.5 |
Zanahorias “blancas“ (chirivías)
Elementos macro eliminados por 1 ton producto comercializable
(In Witwortel=White Carrot )
N |
P |
K |
Ca |
Mg |
S |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
---------------------------------------------------Kg / ton----------------------------------------- |
|||||
13.4 |
4.3 |
18.0 |
Source: Kinoch’s flyer, RSA. Processed by Frans Lourens, Haifa, RSA, May, 1999.
Guia de analisis de plantas
Rangos de suficiencia de nutrientes (source: A & L, Agronomy Handbook, Ankerman & Large Eds.)
Zanahorias |
N |
S |
P |
K |
Mg |
Ca |
Na |
B |
Zn |
Mn |
Fe |
Cu |
Al |
Mo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
------------------------ % ------------------------- |
--------------- p.p.m --------------- | |||||||||||||
Desde |
3.50 |
0.30 |
0.25 |
3.0 |
0.25 |
1.50 |
0.01 |
20 |
25 |
50 |
75 |
5 |
20 |
|
a |
6.0 |
0.75 |
0.80 |
7.0 |
1.0 |
4.0 |
0.20 |
80 |
60 |
200 |
250 |
20 |
300 |
Parte de la planta y procedimientos de muestreo.
Etapa de crecimiento | Parte de la planta |
---|---|
A mitad de crecimiento antes de la ampliación de la raíz | Peciolo De Hoja Madura Joven. |
Source: https://www.hortnet.co.nz/publications/guides/fertmanual/vege2.htm#I7
Umbelliferae (carrots, parsnips, celery)
Requerimientos de nutrientes
Nitrógeno total (kg N/ha):
Apio | 350 |
Zanahorias de primavera | 200 |
Zanahorias y chirivías | 100 |
Target Olsen P values
Retención de fosfato |
|||
---|---|---|---|
0 - 40 |
41 - 75 |
76 - 100% |
|
Zanahorias y chirivías |
35 - 45 |
46 - 55 |
56 - 75 |
Apio |
45 - 55 |
56 - 75 |
76 - 90 |
Método recomendado de aplicación P: Difusión.
Target K values
Soil texture |
|||
---|---|---|---|
Sand |
Loam |
Clay |
|
Carrots and parsnips |
8 |
10 |
12 |
Celery |
12 |
15 |
20 |
Recommended method of K application: Broadcast and fertigation.
Optimum pH range
carrots | 5.6 - 6.7 |
Parsnips | 5.6 - 7.1 |
Celery | 6.1 - 7.0 |
Nutrient uptake (kg/ha)
Crop |
Yield |
(Ton/ha) |
N |
P |
K |
Ca |
Mg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carrot |
foliage |
15 |
72 |
5 |
62 |
- |
- |
roots |
80 |
121 |
27 |
194 |
- |
- |
|
Top-weight |
79 |
242 |
34 |
313 |
121 |
24 |
|
Royal Chantenny |
31 |
96 |
16 |
165 |
21 |
6 |
|
Parsnips |
roots |
44 |
146 |
36 |
183 |
- |
- |
Celery |
80 |
307 |
79 |
984 |
228 |
38 |
Tissue analysis
Critical N, P and K concentrations (%) in whole plants:
Plant age (days) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
40 |
80 |
120 |
160 |
||
Carrots |
N |
3.2 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
- |
P |
0.38 |
0.32 |
0.27 |
0.24 |
|
K |
4.3 |
2.8 |
1.9 |
- |
|
Parsnips |
N |
3.8 |
3.2 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
P |
0.59 |
0.48 |
0.39 |
0.32 |
|
K |
5.0 |
3.8 |
2.8 |
2.2 |
Specific deficiency symptoms
Carrots |
|
---|---|
N | Uniformly pale yellow with fine leaflets. |
P | No yellowing, old leaves purple. Distinguish from carrot fly attack by examining damage on tap root and from carrot 'mottley dwarf' virus by yellow young leaves and red or purple older leaves. |
S | As for N, distinguish by plant analysis. |
K | Old leaves scorched and collapse, later entire petioles look water soaked before drying and collapsing. |
Ca | Water soaked appearance of petioles (like K) but more restricted, the distal part and leaf staying green initially. Roots may have a brown core. |
Mg | Similar to N deficiency but red tints near margins and leaves not so fine; can also be confused with 'mottley dwarf' disease; distinguish by analysis. |
Mn | Uniform pale yellowish-green; often patchy distribution in field. |
Cu | Youngest leaves very dark green and fail to open. |
B | Corky splits in petioles; roots split showing core, which may contain hollows, browning of skin on root giving dull appearance. |
Parsnips |
|
S | New, pale leaves have sharply toothed margins and a fine network of recessed veins. |
Ca | Water soaked petiole resulting in collapse of leaflets. |
Mn | Marginal and interveinal chlorosis of most leaves; distinguished from Mg and K deficiency because chlorotic areas remain pale green rather than yellow and whole plant affected. |
B | Older, pale leaves may have a red margin; section of root shows discoloration around the central xylem. |